Starting ships (tier 1 and 2)
I would choose something in the 300 lineup. I would probably skip the 325 because it's really nothing more than a light fighter. I would lean towards something with a bit more utility, maybe the 315 as it can explore as well as provide you the ability to fight easy targets, can provide you with a little cargo room, a bed to logout in, a jump drive etc. If I was going with a choice between the Mustang and the Aurora, it would be the Aurora LN or the Aurora LX.
Racers
I am not much of a racer, so I would probably get something other than a pure racing ship to start.
Single Crew Fighters
No light fighters. A Gladius is a nice ship and a great price point, I can see some benefit to something like the Hornet as you will be able to spec it out in so many different ways, but I think if I were to get just a single fighter, it would either be the Super Hornet or the Sabre if I had the budget. I would get a Gladius if I had a budget for a fighter, but not a top of the line one. I like the Tankiness of the Super Hornet and the fact you can hit a spec of dust without dying, but the Sabre is just so sweet handling. Being able to put all one type of weapon on it also makes targeting a little more predictable. That said, sometimes it's nice to have a little bit of spread so that you get more hits while holding down the trigger on a maneuvering target. If I had to choose one...the Super Hornet. That said, if the F8 came out and was had the same tankiness feel to it, I would get it based on looks alone. The one thing I dislike on the Hornet series is how it looks. I prefer the Anvil Ships in how they look. but the F8 looks kinda sweet.
Multi-crew fighters/gunships, etc
Vanguard Warden hands down. It's tanky, which is missing from the Sabre, but it still has good shields. Yeah, it's a little slower and harder to maneuver, but it packs a mean punch with the M7A on it. It also has the range to escort ships over a longer range, plus the ability to logout in deep space. If the F8 is multi-crew (which I doubt, but it could be), I would probably ditch the Warden
Bombers
None. They just don't do it for me. I can see their use/utility, especially the Gladiator or the Harbinger, but that kind of ship just doesn't hit my play style buttons. This is especially true of the Retaliator. No matter how good it looks (and I love the way it looks if you could not figure that from my other posts), I am just not sure I would enjoy how that goes.
Explorers
UGH...DUR, Aquila, Terrapin, or Carrack? I want them all!!!! That said, if I had to choose one, it would be the Aquila. Small enough to crew by yourself and AI, large enough to have fun with on multi-crew. Has a lot of utility, but still has cargo room. Has a parasite for running around in etc. If I could chose two, the Dur and the Carrack. The Carrack for me and a friend or two, plus AI, and the DUR for solo play/hauling missions, etc. If I had a Warden, I would probably not get the DUR unless I wanted it for other reasons, leaving the Aquila by itself, or the Carrack and the Terrapin as the top and bottom explorers.
Large Industrials
I think the Prospector is a must for anyone to have (targeted mining).
All other industrials will need multi-crew. I think at least two (pilot and main systems operator), but the rest would probably be able to be crewed by AI. I think the Starfarer will make a good profit...but lots will have Starfarers and I think that will drive prices down. The Reclaimer might be nice, as would the Crucible, but I think the Orion would be the thing for me. I've always loved mining, since the days of UO, into EQ2, WoW, EVE, etc. I think I would continue that.
Hauling/trading
A Connie of some sort or a Freelancer type (MAX or just the standard). The Hulls look nice and if you are a serious trader, they will be what you will want, but if I do any trading, etc, it will be more of the tramp freighter type. Small cargos, discrete packages delivered, passengers keeping a low profile, unwanted entanglements avoided, etc.
All rounders
Again, go to the Connie or the Freelancer. I think the Freelancer would be more fun to fly, but the Constellation (any variant except Phoenix) would have the overall advantage.
Luxury
If I wanted to blow a lot of money that would be better spent elsewhere, the 890J. Unless the Phoenix can remove all the crud clogging up the interior, all the utility there goes away. The only thing it has is a slightly stronger hull, a few bigger slots, and an anti-missile defense. Something I think I can live without.
Utility
A dragonfly. Getting around on planets, flying though space easier, etc. I can see having something like this would be very useful long term. That said, it should be cheap enough to buy in-game.
TLDR;
Now, if I had to list in order of priority? Aurora or 315, then add a DUR or Connie (Taurus, Andromeda, or Aquila), next a Prospector, finally a fighter (Gladius, Super Hornet, or Sabre). The rest would be added on if I was able to.