www.anandtech.com
amd is going to have to make the 2nm processors before they can compete to lower prices of the next gen. with that said though the current generation is going to probably break down alot if intel sells the 2nm at an affordable price. i'm banking on amd to get 2nm fast since they are right behind the curve with intel these days.
| 1971 | 10 000 nm | - | |||||
| 1981 | 1 500 nm | 15% of previous | |||||
| 1991 | 600 nm | 40% of previous | |||||
| 2001 | 130 nm | 21% of previous | |||||
| 2011 | 28 nm | 21% of previous | |||||
| 2021 | 4 nm | 14% of previous |
The problem up to now has been the ability to control the transistor size. There have been successful laboratory tests of 1.2 and 1 nm, but we now think that is the basic limit of silicon. 1nm is only 20 silicon atoms wide, and it becomes difficult to create a transistor smaller than that - because the electrons in the material begin to be affected by their quantum properties. You can make the transistor smaller, but you can't control where the electrons are, and they can leak across the transistor base and even between transistors. In a digital system, that means 0's can randomly become 1's, and 1's can randomly become 0's.
Don't hold your breath. The quantum processors they currently have are the size of a refrigerator and operate at temperatures like .1 degree above absolute 0. They do amazing things though, like calculate in a second what the fastest silicon based supercomputers take a week to process. But the technology is starting to see industrial applications now so development will accelerate.
If the purpose of the radiation hardening is to ensure proper operation of computer systems, one way theyre already doing that is through triple redundancy. Maybe you could also build the chip to compensate for errors caused by radiation? I'd be surprised if that too wasnt already the case.
